Title, survey and access

Title Exceptions to Review Before Buying Land

The most important title questions often sit in the exceptions, because those are the matters the policy may not cover.

What this due-diligence check covers

An exception can be harmless, useful or project-changing. The effect depends on the exact recorded language, location and planned use.

Generic labels such as “easement,” “restrictions” or “mineral reservation” are not enough; retrieve the underlying instrument.

Why it matters before closing

A utility easement at the road edge may be manageable, while a conservation restriction through the only building area may destroy the plan. The same category can have very different consequences.

What to verify

  • Map each exception against the parcel and proposed improvements.
  • Check duration, beneficiaries, permitted activities and amendment rights.
  • Look for blanket survey and possession exceptions.
  • Confirm whether old documents were released, expired or carried forward.

Red flags that deserve follow-up

  • Exceptions with illegible or missing attachments.
  • Rights granted to unknown parties over broad areas.
  • Restrictions that prohibit the intended structure or business.
  • Mineral rights with surface-use privileges.

Evidence to keep in the parcel file

  • Recorded exception documents
  • Survey showing plottable items
  • Title objection correspondence
  • Written explanation of non-plottable exceptions

Questions to ask before the deadline

  1. Which exceptions are plottable on a survey?
  2. Do any restrictions limit manufactured homes or business use?
  3. Does any easement cross the building or septic area?
  4. Are mineral or timber rights reserved?
  5. Which exceptions will remain in the final policy?

Primary-source starting points

Open the records behind the research.

These sources support screening and process planning. Parcel-specific decisions may still require local authorities and qualified professionals.

Put the guide to work

Turn the guide into a parcel-specific due-diligence list.

Frequently asked

Questions land buyers ask

Are all title exceptions bad?

No. Some identify standard taxes, utilities or recorded rights that are compatible with the project. The issue is understanding their effect.

Can a title company remove an exception?

Sometimes an exception can be cleared, limited or insured over if sufficient evidence is provided. That decision belongs to the title company and relevant professionals.

Do restrictions expire automatically?

Not necessarily. Read the recorded term, renewal language and applicable law.