Title, survey and access

Land Title Commitment Explained

A title commitment is an offer to issue a policy under stated conditions. It is not a promise that every access, boundary or use problem has disappeared.

What this due-diligence check covers

Identify the proposed insured, policy amount, legal description and estate being insured.

Read the requirements that must be satisfied before the policy can be issued, then read every exception that will remain outside coverage.

Why it matters before closing

Title exceptions can reveal easements, restrictions, mineral reservations, access limits and documents that directly affect the planned use. A clean-looking parcel map does not answer those issues.

What to verify

  • Match the legal description to the contract and survey.
  • Obtain copies of every recorded exception, not only the exception list.
  • Ask which requirements remain open and who must satisfy them.
  • Confirm whether access, survey matters and mineral rights are covered or excepted.

Red flags that deserve follow-up

  • A blanket exception for matters a survey would disclose.
  • An access easement that does not reach a public road.
  • Restrictions referenced without a readable recorded document.
  • Unreleased liens or probate requirements close to the deadline.

Evidence to keep in the parcel file

  • Current title commitment and all schedules
  • Copies of recorded exceptions
  • Survey or plat tied to the legal description
  • Written title-company responses to objections

Questions to ask before the deadline

  1. Can you send every document listed as an exception?
  2. Which requirements are still open?
  3. Will the policy insure legal access?
  4. Does the legal description match the survey and contract?
  5. Are mineral or water rights excluded?

Primary-source starting points

Open the records behind the research.

These sources support screening and process planning. Parcel-specific decisions may still require local authorities and qualified professionals.

Put the guide to work

Turn the guide into a parcel-specific due-diligence list.

Frequently asked

Questions land buyers ask

Is a title commitment the same as title insurance?

No. It states the conditions under which a policy may be issued and the matters that may be excluded.

Who reviews title exceptions?

Buyers often coordinate the title company, surveyor and a qualified real-estate attorney, especially when an exception could affect use or access.

Can I rely on the tax parcel description?

Not as a substitute for the legal description, deed and survey used in the transaction.